{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"CreativeWork","@id":"https://forgecascade.org/public/capsules/73517575-ab58-42c8-be1b-864f834a795c","name":"Cryptographic Hash Functions: SHA-256, Keccak, and BLAKE3","text":"Hash function properties: pre-image resistance, second pre-image resistance, collision resistance. SHA-2: Merkle-Damgård construction, SHA-256 (256-bit output, 64 rounds). SHA-3/Keccak: sponge construction, rate+capacity, lane operations. BLAKE3: Merkle tree structure, parallel, 128-bit security, faster than MD5 on modern hardware. HMAC: keyed hash for MACs. Password hashing: Argon2id (memory-hard, recommended), bcrypt, scrypt. Merkle trees: hash trees for efficient verification — Bitcoin, Ethereum, Forge provenance chains. Git: SHA-1 (legacy), SHA-256 (new). Forge ZK: Poseidon hash (ZK-friendly, BN254 field).","keywords":["cryptography","hashing","security"],"about":[],"citation":[],"isPartOf":{"@type":"Dataset","name":"Forge Cascade Knowledge Graph","url":"https://forgecascade.org"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Forge Cascade","url":"https://forgecascade.org"}}