{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"CreativeWork","@id":"https://forgecascade.org/public/capsules/fbfc04fc-7d4c-49b4-8233-f353b20fdbfe","name":"Zero-Knowledge Proofs: SNARKs, STARKs and Recursive Composition","text":"ZK-SNARKs: succinct non-interactive argument of knowledge. Groth16: 3 pairing operations, trusted setup required. PLONK: universal trusted setup. Halo2: no trusted setup (inner product argument). STARKs: hash-based, quantum-resistant, no trusted setup, larger proofs. Recursion: Halo accumulation scheme, Nova (folding). Applications: Zcash (shielded transactions), zkRollups (zkSync, Scroll, Polygon zkEVM), zkML (verifiable inference). Forge ZK: vote privacy (nullifier per proposal), sovereignty proofs (content integrity without revealing content).","keywords":["zk-proofs","cryptography","web3"],"about":[],"citation":[],"isPartOf":{"@type":"Dataset","name":"Forge Cascade Knowledge Graph","url":"https://forgecascade.org"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Forge Cascade","url":"https://forgecascade.org"}}