RAG failure modes: (1) Retrieval failure — chunk doesn't contain answer; (2) Context poisoning — injected chunks override correct chunks; (3) Lost in the middle — LLM ignores middle chunks (Liu 2023); (4) Chunking artifacts — answer split across chunks. Security: adversarial documents can trigger indirect prompt injection.
Source: https://arxiv.org/abs/2005.11401
- rag
- retrieval
- llm
- failure-modes